Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology in Reproductive Medicine — WACS Viva & Clinical Scenarios (Basic Sciences in Obstetrics and Gynaecology)

Exam-style pathology, microbiology, and immunology in reproductive medicine viva scenarios with examiner probes and model answers for Obstetrics & Gynaecology…

Scenarios covered

• SCENARIO 1: Explain the molecular oncogenesis of high-risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and invasive cervical carcinoma, focusing on viral genome integration, E6 and E7 oncoprotein mechanisms, and cellular checkpoint deregulation.
• SCENARIO 2: Discuss the microbiology, intracellular developmental cycle, pathogenesis, and laboratory diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis in the female reproductive tract, including the mechanism of ascending upper genital tract damage and tubal factor subfertility.
• SCENARIO 3: Describe the pathophysiology of placental malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum, detailing the molecular mechanisms of infected erythrocyte cytoadherence, local immune-inflammatory responses, and the resulting maternal, placental, and fetal complications.
• SCENARIO 4: Detail the immunopathological mechanisms of maternal Rhesus (RhD) alloimmunization, explaining the primary and secondary immune responses, transplacental transfer of antibodies, extravascular fetal haemolysis, the development of hydrops fetalis, and the immunoprophylactic mechanism of polyclonal anti-D immunoglobulin.
• SCENARIO 5: Formulate the immunological and thrombotic mechanisms underlying Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) in pregnancy, and outline the Sapporo/Sydney clinical and laboratory classification criteria used for diagnosis in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss.